MEMORIAM needs no introduction ‐ they are living legends of Old School Death Metal. Not only because the former fields of activity of the Brits belonged and still belong to the pioneers of UK Death Metal, but because they managed to follow their master plan more than precisely. MEMORIAM has built up their own loyal fan base over the past
seven years and developed its own musical identity. It would certainly have been easy for them to just follow the old paths, but the true art of the band is that they never deny their origins, but gradually incorporate something new ‐ with every album a few new nuances and facets are added.
The sheer speed of their creative output shows how consistently MEMORIAM follow this path: Following the initial success of the HELLFIRE DEMOS trilogy, MEMORIAM signed with Nuclear Blast in 2016. The band went on to release FOR THE FALLEN (2017), THE SILENT VIGIL (2018) and REQUIEM FOR MANKIND (2019) ensuring within a very short time that MEMORIAM were firmly established among loyal Death Metal fans. This wassupported by dozens of concerts, which have taken the band from selected club shows to major festival appearances (e.g. Hellfest, Wacken, Summer Breeze, Graspop). Following the success of this initial trilogy, MEMORIAM switched to the young label Reaper Entertainment. The album TO THE END, the first of a new trilogy, was released in 2021. The second album of the trilogy, RISE TO POWER, will be released in early 2023.
RISE TO POWER will not only once again offer an atmospherically dense Dan Seagrave cover, the war theme stylized on it also runs through Karl Willetts’ lyrics: With 'Never Forget, Never Again (6 Million Dead)' about the Holocaust and the, unfortunately, more than current 'Total War' about the war in Ukraine, Karl is more political than ever. "I am
writing 'our burden and shame' instead of 'their' as I believe it is our collective responsibility to ensure that something like the Holocaust never happens again. I feel that it is my responsibility as a frontman and lyricist to write about the things that I feel are important," explains Karl. MEMORIAM transforms aggression and grief into
uncompromising Death Metal energy. Also musically the mentioned above development process continues.
While the opener still serves the essential Death Metal groove, MEMORIAM becomes more variable with each additional song and keeps adding new dynamics into their Old School Death Metal sound ‐ from brutal grooves ('Annihilation's Dawn') via doomy‐melodic parts like in 'I Am The Enemy' up to aggressive Nordic riffing like in 'Total War'. RISE TO POWER is an extremely varied album, as Karl confirms: "That's Scott's style, he comes from a different generation than Frank, Spike and me. He brings in influences from bands I haven't even heard of. It gives us the balance between old and new, and it works pretty well for us.” (Thomas Strater)
Cerca:b base
Sharing the spotlight along with the label owner Umwelt on this brand new split EP, Zeta Reticula the Slovenian born artist delivers two tracks of high intensity with distinct energy! Melodic "The Fate Of The Ship Unknown" opens A side with a pure robotic mayhem based upon synthetic strings, rushing leads and frantic arpeggiator flights over seductive vocals. Hostile and heading at the same. Progressive "Documented Contact", coming next, signs an intricate yet groovy electro sci-fi masterpiece made of rolling bassline, moody atmosphere and pounding beats. This is Zeta Reticula at its finest!
The Lord of Darkness treats the flipside with a more aggressive sound. As its title suggests, "Hyperspace" propels the listener at light speed through the depths of the universe thanks to a dystopian machinefunk atmosphere where hammering drums fuse with cold layers in Umwelt's typical trademark. Classical electro shaker "Earth To Unknown" concludes this uncompromising 12" with a luminous structure enhanced with a deeper and soulful approach.
Sharp, underground and always dancefloor oriented, this limited release comes packed in a colorful urban picture disc designed by the great CN6 aka Nexus 6!
Mercury Prize and Brit Award winner Arlo Parks first came to the attention of music press with her debut single ‘Cola’. It’s a breath-taking, tender, poetic and confessional introduction to an artist just eighteen at the time of its release.
The then London based singer demonstrated soul beyond her years and with 'Cola' the submissive tones of her powerful voice are laid atop slow guitar melodies that beckon you to stop what you're doing and just listen. The track is written about bad love - in Arlo’s words, "Cola is a reminder that betrayal is inevitable when it comes to pretty people that think flowers fix everything".
‘George’, an ode to poet Byron was released in 2019 just weeks before signing to Transgressive Records and set Arlo on the path to being one of the most critically acclaimed artists of the year.
- 1: Mercy Baby - Pleadin
- 2: Willie Nix - Just Can't Stay
- 3: Schoolboy Cleve - She's Gone
- 4: Willie Egans - Wear Your Black Dress
- 5: Lightnin' Hopkins And Ruth (Blues) Ames - Finally Met M
- 6: Otis Spann - It Must Have Been The Devil
- 7: John Lee - Rhythm Rockin' Boogie
- 8: Little Hudson - Im Looking For A Woman
- 9: Donnie Williams - Boogie Chilluns Playhouse
- 10: Ervin Rucker - So Good
- 11: Lonesome Lee - Lonely Travelin
- 12: Willie J. Charles - Feelin' Kind A Lonesome
- 13: Eddie King - Love You Baby
- 14: Jimmie Raney & Slim Slaughter - You Drink Too Much Booz
- 15: Gladys Tyler - Pack Up
- 16: Harmonica 'Blues King' Garris - Blues King Mango
For Dancer Only ist die legendäre Clubnacht von Bill Kealey, dem ebenso trinkfesten wie umtriebigen Sammler und Jäger aus Dublin. Quasi jedes Wochenende ist er mit seinem 7"-Vinylkoffer unterwegs und beglückt die Massen. Da er das schon ein paar Jahrzehnte macht, gehört er zur absoluten Champions League derer, die sich mit Rhythm & Blues der 50er und all seinen Spielarten beschäftigen. Dies ist seine erste Compilation und wir behaupten, dass es eine der Besten ist, die Stag-O-Lee je veröffentlicht hat.
James Brandon Lewis is a New York-based jazz tenor saxophonist, composer, and bandleader. His instrumental voice marries the emotional power of gospel and the grit and groove of blues and R&B to the modal and vanguard influences of Albert Ayler and John Coltrane, and Sonny Rollins" expressive melodic and tonal discipline. Moments, his 2010 debut, was followed by two outings for Sony Masterworks" revived OKeh imprint: Divine Travels in 2014 and the widely celebrated Days of Freeman the following year. After working American stages and clubs, he toured European and Asian festivals. Radiant Imprints, a duo outing with drummer Chad Taylor, appeared in 2018 and was followed by the quintet offering An UnRuly Manifesto a year later. In 2021, after he was selected as the "Rising Star Tenor Saxophonist" in the Downbeat International Critics Poll, Lewis issued The Jesup Wagon, his debut for Tao Forms. Along the way, Lewis drew the attention of many improvising artists, most notably the saxophonist and jazz deity Sonny Rollins, who doesn"t offer effusive praise very often. Moved by Lewis" deep, spirit-seeking sound, Rollins said "When I listen to you, I listen to Buddha, I listen to Confucius ... I listen to the deeper meaning of life. You are keeping the world in balance." Eye of I opens with 44 seconds of gritty, high-throttling low-down groove, an ear pulverizing opening designed to cleanse all traces of ordinary from the palette. From there, Lewis offers a prayerful cover of Donnie Hathaway"s "Someday We"ll All Be Free" and then the first of his disarmingly addictive originals, "The Blues Still Blossoms" in addition to many others.
EMA’s Woozy label returns with Sha Ru’s Match My Sway EP; a powerful club record that sits proudly in the canon of modern protest music. Dubstep-influenced electronics meet spoken word on the continued struggle of oppressed nations’ fight for liberation. Comes with a slamming Walton remix, with all artist profits going towards the Kyiv Angels and Repair Together charities in Ukraine.
Sha Ru are a New York-via-Berlin based duo renowned for their deft mix of spoken word and club electronics, gaining notoriety thanks to their exhilarating productions and renowned live, hybrid and DJ sets. Having spent most of their time based between two different countries, the covid pandemic unexpectedly united the band in Belarus and subsequently Ukraine for an extended period of time. They quickly found themselves immersed in each country’s respective electronic music scene, building strong relationships within each community. It quickly became apparent that both countries were actively fighting for their future freedom, and the duo felt compelled by the unity they experienced in this to respond with music. This resulted in Match My Sway, a record chronicling resistance both lyrically and sonically that found a suitable home on EMA’s impressively futurist-leaning Woozy imprint.
The EP opens with Temporary Iteration, a fierce steppers track with plummeting subs that chronicles a moment of transition into clarity by focusing on the ‘now’; staying true to your belief by moving directly towards your goal together. Not Fluctuating ups the sonic ante with hefty kicks, drill snares and potent throbbing bass, while the vocals describe the feeling of ultimate resistance in the name of seeking the truth.
Side B enters with Synced Energies, acting as the EP’s thrilling climax. Percolating synths pogo around a 2-step beat providing chest-gripping catharsis. Lyrics repeat a mantra of unity, refuting divisions. Tectonic and Ilian Tape affiliate Walton sees us out with the intense stuttering rave mechanics of his Not Fluctuating remix, a modern techno monster that deserves to be enjoyed on a 10ft tall rig; a complimentary take on a powerful original.
The only known EP released by Sick Hardcore, a project of Florence based Franco Falsini, the founder of Kaos Records, an important outlet for the Florentine 90s scene. “Digital Justice” is a collection of 4 proto rave dancefloor oriented tracks featuring sample based sounds over heavily percussive patterns of rhythm with an overall darker tone. Sometimes bordering EBM and New-Beat sentiments, yet also touching upon more progressive sounds and breakbeat elements. In addition to the original release's tracklist is a secret unreleased (more contemporary sounding) version of “Clinic Rhythm” which might have been put together by Franco himself more recently – hard to tell, but sure to impact any dancefloor for the better. Generously remastered for big room action.
Yair Elazar Glotman is a Berlin based composer and experimental sound artist. Having trained in classical double bass and electroacoustic composition, he uses these traditions in combination with improvisation, with particular focus on analogue processes, to create textural and spatial works. In recent years, Glotman has been known for his notable pieces in film and media composition, working closely with influentential late composer Jóhann Jóhannsonn on acclaimed titles such Mandy (2018) and Last and First Men (2019), which he co-composed and produced the score. . Apart from his work in film and media, Glotman is a celebrated recording artist in his own right, venturing into dark corners of ambient drone and post-classical with acclaimed albums such as his 2020 album Emanate via Fat Cat’s imprint 13070, 2017 album Negative Chambers with close collaborator Mats Erlandsson released via Miasmah Recordings, and his solo album Études released in 2015 via Subtext, receiving him high acclaim from the likes of Pitchfork, Guardian, BBC 6 Music, The Quietus, Uncut, Electronic Sound and more.
Clear Vinyl
Northern Electronic's latest outing on their sub-label for raw anarchistic industrial electro-techno. //Dark green transparent vinyl in 200 copies only// With just two EPs having brought Van Boom's productions within earshot of a wide, forward-thinking audience in the last few years, his debut album, 'Prosthetics', continues the acceleration with an uncompromising statement of intent from the Kuwait-based artist. Orbiting hyper-industrial dread yet threatening to freefall into a melancholic blackhole, 'Prosthetics' introduces the scarcely balanced tension at the core of his work with a wicked and combusting fascination.
Los Angeles-based marine eyes (aka Cynthia Bernard) and Melbourne-based IKSRE (aka Phoebe Dubar) come together for this new album on Past Inside The Present and it is one that draws on their respective backgrounds as musicians, multi-instrumentalists and sound healers, as well as their shared love of field recordings. The album came about when each heard the other's music and decided to share sounds through an email pen-pal format. The mail chain included notes and pictures and became a geographical lesson and exploration of emotional landscapes. It blends ambient drone with neo-classical, sound healing, dream-pop and gentle lullabies onto something warm, comforting and introspective.
Especial presents a 2 EP live concept collaboration with Berlin's Giraffi Dog. With live tours cancelled due the on-going changing world, the idea of bringing their live set to vinyl - an opera for your innerspace, while constrained from outerspace - was born.
Setting up Doom Chakra Tapes with DJ Deflektorschild in 2016, Max Webber's project first released the L'Existence Du Reve cassette album as a blueprint for the Giraffi Dog sound, with some tracks appearing on the acclaimed vinyl debut for Aiwo Recs, before a split 7" for the WARNING label series followed.
Teaming up with friend Max Heesen (Dessous, Poker Flat) to take the project live, their backgrounds in punk and hip-hop shine in their take on breakbeat driven club culture.
Recording live in the studio, as a different state of meditation, MCPs trigger drum machines, the duality of live synth and vocoder, while tape machines, reverb and FX looped, twisted and filtered for an inter-mind festival
Cut as a continuous mix, tracks like Concorida, Jam X and Multiverse, are a manifestation of their sets dropped from small basements in Berlin to fields in the outskirts of Paris, this first EP acts as a hypothesis for the parallel, the other, the alternate, the infinite.
Radio Slave teams up with Nez for all-new versions of the club smash, ‘Wait a Minute’.
The first single from Radio Slave’s forthcoming 2023 LP, ‘Wait a Minute’ sees the UK legend pair with grammy nominated multi-hyphenate Nez for a hard-hitting, rap-infused house track that has become a staple of the handful of DJs who had upfront versions this summer.
Initially meeting via Radio Slave’s incendiary remix of the FELIX DA HOUSECAT co-produced ‘Lift Off’ released via Three Six Zero/Sony in 2021, LA’s Nez and Berlin-based Radio Slave made plans to work together as soon as possible, and a new version of 2020’s ‘Wait A Minute’ is the result. Featuring remixes from Rekids’ own Mark Broom and coming complete with an instrumental version, Radio Slave feat. Nez ‘Wait A Minute’ is released through Rekids on 26th August 2022.
Radio Slave, aka Matt Edwards, is responsible for some of the most recognisable underground dance tracks of the past 20 years, including ‘Grindhouse’, ‘Don’t Stop No Sleep’, ‘Another Club’, and many other timeless cuts. His collaboration work with Joel Martin as Quiet Village and solo work as Rekid has received critical acclaim, and he remains one of the most in-demand and consistent remixers around.
Nez has worked with the likes of Chance The Rapper, A$AP Rocky, Tinashe, ScHoolboy Q, and many more before dropping the dancefloor focussed ‘Midnight Music’ EP in 2021. Growing up in Chicago, Nez absorbed the rich musical lineage of the Windy City, and now distils these into his own unique creations and collaborations.
If your new EP has already been getting dropped by top dogs like Upsammy, Batu, Call Super, Ben Ufo and Bruce, you know it's a winner. And that's exactly what Lurka's first release on his brand new Make Your On Meaning label is - four tracks of red hot and brilliantly weird minimal. 'Powers' is razor-sharp hi-hats cutting up a scintillatingly smooth and militant tech house groove. 'Re Speak' has jumbled percussion and more wonky rhythms while 'String' layers up toms, tin pot hits, clattering sound effects and an undulating liquid baseline into something super seductive. The closer 'Mystick Crystal' is the busiest of the lot with its densely layered sound fx and samples underpinned by minimal funk.
Brainwave research center is a new project from NYC-based house/techno producer, Chase Smith (W.T. Records, Apartment, is/Was), & documentary filmmaker, Christa Majoras (School of Visual Arts).
Conceived together over two years as musical thought experiments, brainwave research center’s debut album, figure 1, contains a genre-bending distillation of influences from experimental music (Steve Reich, Laurie Spiegel, Black Dice), 1990s ambient techno (The Orb, Pete Namlook/Fax Records), and Motorik/Kosmiche/Krautrock (Kraftwerk, Suicide, Manual Gottsching).
The songs embrace a raw, naive approach to sound design, instrumentation, and technical production to capture the feeling of experimentation of the works they are inspired by. Described by listeners as a mixture of Electronic, ambient, and kosmische/krautrock.
Recorded and produced in Greenpoint, Brooklyn in the back of Smith’s synthesizer/electronic repair shop, Specs Sales & Repair, Figure 1 is the first in a sequence of 4 works to be released.
Made primarily with TR-606, OB8, SH-101, MS-20, Fizmo, H3000, SDE-3000
The impact Belfast born duo Bicep have had on Irish music is unmeasurable, capturing the hearts and minds of the next-gen with their future-facing sonics. The pairing started their FMB label in 2012, going on to support a plethora of Irish artists in the process, from Cromby and Hammer to Brassica and Brame & Hamo.
The label's latest record comes from yet another Irish artist. Swoose, a name that should be familiar to any Irish electronic lover, began his career handing out flyers for legendary club Stiff Kitten. From here Swoose went on to become a resident of Shine and AVA Festival, and has released a string of killer records on Shall Not Fade and Lost Palms. Now residing in London, his record on FMB brings the OG Belfast dance music community back together for a fittingly euphoric release.
Title track ‘Breathe’ produces poignant undertones and contemplative thought, meditative breaks channeling the producer's fascination with wild flora and fauna. The track's interior begins to distort our sense of time and self, liquid textures forming over celestial harmonies like psilocybin. ‘Hyphae’ takes a 4/4 approach, while keeping the EP’s emotional personality present. Its pulsating bassline is balanced by far-reaching syths and dancing hi-hats, resting in a unified space of motion and colour.
Rotterdam via Belfast based artist Kessler has been on the tip of everyone's tongue since the return of clubbing. He has released music on Sherelle’s BEAUTIFUL black and LGBTQ+ label and his debut Shall Not Fade release was one of the most celebrated EPs of 2021. Kesslers knackt to create beautiful, other-wordly soundscapes that are both functional and edge on the side of melancholy are unmatched. His flip of title track ‘Breathe’ swaps gentler tones for his signature UK-sound inspired drums and crowd-evaporating atmospherics. The arrangements gentle ebb and flow, maintaining that signature blend of pace and etherealness.
Toronto’s Peach is on hand for the second remix – ‘Hyphae – a stripped-back early-morning groover that mixes psychedelia with flexible percussion. The track gives off a subtly uplifting vibe that blends heads-down club with minimal, punchy aesthetic. Just when you thought it was time to go home too...
Portuguese multi-instrumentalist, DJ and producer Pedro
Ricardo releases his debut album, Soprem Bons Ventos, on
Soundway Records.
Currently based in Berlin, Pedro Ricardo has been releasing
music for the past eight years under different aliases via labels
such as Wolf Music and his own imprint Hear, Sense and Feel.
An eclectic DJ and selector, he hosts a radio show on South
London’s radio Balamii, guested on Mafalda’s NTS show and
can be found playing in clubs across all Europe.
Stylistically, Ricardo became entranced with jazz from an early
age, while also becoming enamoured with folk music – rooted
in his Portugal childhood, now encompassing sounds from
Cape Verde, Brazil, and Spain along the way. He intertwines
these instrumental influences with field recordings, and
electronics, on Soprem Bons Ventos.
“The album translates to ‘Good Winds Blow’, shares Ricardo.
“This idea of good winds blowing is intertwined with the
feeling of missing something, and sadness. On a positive note,
there is still an overarching sense that happiness also lies
ahead. Soprem Bons Ventos represents an ode to the past, to
those who came before me, connecting with my present and
imagining the future."
Superb 170 BPM freetekno acid EP from Stannik and Miltatek.
East France dancefloor killer Milytatek delivers here 2 collabs and 2 solos.
Underground Spaces, the first tune is a 170 BPM chanting acid. Superb.
Troubles Auditifs, the second tune, brings a 166 BPM nostalgic at the core-limit track, melodious acid Electronica sensitive music...
La Colère De La Meute, solo track from Miltatek is a twirling loops tune supported by an icy acid thrumpet. The kick is a loud bassy thing, stable tune with no crazy excitation. Nice one !
For the finish, Miltatek brings Eternity. Once again a stable tune more based on a melody rather than on high acid ear-killer. Nostalgic on the tone,.. Super dancefloor on the kick... and icy Acid on the pickles :)
BIG ONE !!
Arkada records is excited to announce our 4th release - forthcoming split vinyl EP featuring the sounds of ADJ & Adrien d’Elzius.
We are very happy to present the first part of the EP with the unique sounds of one of the pioneering artists in the UK underground Electro scene, the label owner of Pyramid Transmissions - ADJ
ADJ originates from and is based in London. He has been playing Underground Electronic Music for over 35 years as a DJ, starting in the days of Early Electro and Hip Hop. He has also been producing and releasing music for 25 years, releasing over 200 tracks in this time on a plethora of labels including Touchin Bass,For Those That Knoe, Another Perspective, Ai, Outside, Cultivated Electronics,Yellow Machines, Crobot Muzik, Diffuse Reality, Netlabel ,Digital Distortions and more...has done remixes for Flint Kids, Scanone, LASynthesis, Carl Finlow, Fleck Esc, Arsonist Recorder , Paul Hierophant to name a few.
He has run the Pyramid Transmissions Record label with label partner Pathic for 20 years and also ran the Analogique record label for 5 years from 1995-2000 releasing Techno, Electro and Electronica as 3 Elements.
ADJ also performed his first LIVE set in a few years in March 2020 MUTABOR in Moscow.
As a DJ, he has played at many festivals including a BLOC residency, Glastonbury For BLOC, Bestival, Shambala, Infiltrate at WMC Miami. 2019 saw another tour of the US with Silicon Scally,Ben Milstein, EVAC, Ion Driver and 214. He also runs the Dodo Club and Frequency Resonate(with Errorbeauty) nights in London and Berlin aswell as playing in Lille, Kiev, Moscow, St Petersburg Berlin,Zagreb,Athens, Napoli, Brussels, Budapest, Vienna, Valencia, Sofia, Paris and many more..
Second part of our EP presents the futuristic glitched-out sounds of the one of a kind Belgium producer Adrien d’Elzius also known under his allies HosmOz.
Adrien d’Elzius was born in the gloomy south of Belgium spending his youth hanging around in a camping and listening to Hip Hop, he started his life in a mess of paradox. At 10, he learned to play drums under his punk’s brother regard, and experimented different kind of rock until 18. That’s where someone showed him a track of Aphex Twin, who blew his mind and made him believe he had finally found the music that suited him. From there, he compulsively spend hours playing around with his computer and slowly made himself a place in the very small community of underground music lover of Brussels under the nickname hosmOz after winning a contest. From his melodic and acidic drill’n’bass beginning, his sound slowed down and got darker, challenging himself to try to create something he couldn’t before. He recently re-released his Lp on Diffuse Reality that make it available on physical form and also his debut album on Burial Soil with remixes by Umwelt and Lloyd Stellar.
The masters of the release are kindly made by Thomas Dunstan. Artwork made by our amazing designer Lawrence Cli
- A1: Perez Prado - Arrivederci Roma (Chunga)
- A2: Helen Merril - Nessuno Al Mondo (Feat Armando Trovajoli E La Sua Orchestra)
- A3: Paul Anka - Ogni Giorno (Love Me Warm And Tender)
- A4: Chet Baker - Il Mio Domani (Feat Ennio Morricone E La Sua Orchestra)
- A5: Neil Sedaka - Esagerata (Little Devil)
- A6: Antonio Prieto - Papà
- B1: Paul Anka - Voglio Sapere (I&Apos;D Like To Know)
- B2: Antonio Prieto - Baciami
- B3: Neil Sedaka - Un Giorno Inutile (I Must Be Dreaming)
- B4: Helen Merrill - Estate (Feat Armando Trovajoli E La Sua Orchestra)
- B5: Chet Baker - So Che Ti Perderò (Feat Ennio Morricone E La Sua Orchestra)
- B6: Perez Prado - Guaglione
First time officially reissue, sourced from the original master tapes in a new edition, the Milan based imprint Dialogo, returns with this compilation published in Italy by RCA Victor in 1962 - a precious historical document of some important international jazz and pop artists who came to Italy and left their marks, influencing the generations of those golden years.
It contains
***Chet Baker with Ennio Morricone's Orchestra, with "Il Mio Domani" (My Tomorrow) and "So Che Ti Perderò" (I Know That I'll Loose You) two recordings of works composed and sung for the first time in Italian by one of the most important worldwide trumpet "Golden Trumpet" and singer "Voice Of Angel" jazz artist. ***Helen Merrill with "Estate" (Summer) and "Nessuno Al Mondo" (Noboby In The World), two recordings sung for the first time in Italian. She agreed to record two 'light' songs because the Orchestra that performed them was conducted by Armando Trovajoli, a qualified exponent of Italian jazz and an extreme modernist. ***Paul Anka with Ray Ellis Orchestra, Perez Prado and His Orchestra, Neil Sedaka and Stan Applebaum Orchestra
c 03: Paul Anka - Ogni Giorno (Love Me Warm And Tender) feat. Ray Ellis Orchestra
e 05: Neil Sedaka - Esagerata (Little Devil) feat. Stan Applebaum E La Sua Orchestra
g 07: Paul Anka - Voglio Sapere (I'd Like To Know) feat. Ray Ellis Orchestra
i 09: Neil Sedaka - Un Giorno Inutile (I Must Be Dreaming) [feat. Stan Applebaum E La Sua Orchestra]




















