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It’s rare for a hardcore punk band to make four full-length albums, and rarer still for the fourth album to be the band’s masterpiece. Yet Paratiisi, the fourth album from Helsinki punks Kohti Tuhoa, stands as the undeniable coup de grâce of a catalog overflowing with classic hardcore punk. If you’re already a fan, it’ll comfort you to know Paratiisi leans heavily on the strengths Kohti Tuhoa has possessed since their earliest releases: a timeless sound that combines UK82 drive and hooks with dramatic metal flourishes; a captivating vocalist with the perfect balance of grit and clarity, who can both howl like a banshee and carry a tune; and a particularly Finnish way with a driving, medium-fast tempo. But for all the continuities with Kohti Tuhoa’s excellent previous records, Paratiisi almost feels like the work of a new band. The riffs and choruses that anchor the album are impossibly catchy; Paratiisi bulges with huge moments that practically force you to air guitar and sing along (even if you don’t speak a word of Finnish), the band’s peerless chops and the rich and clear recording driving these climaxes to dizzying highs. But while the hooks are memorable, there isn’t a moment on Paratiisi that feels dumbed-down or overly familiar.

In fact, the album feels notably ambitious, pulling influences from across punk’s historical and aesthetic breadth and digesting them seamlessly into Kohti Tuhoa’s distinctive sound. The lyrics (don’t worry: English translations are included!) meet the same high bar as the music. They’re direct, assertive, and punk, but they’re also subtle and insightful, whether they’re tackling huge issues like microplastics or sharing a very personal account of a sexual assault and its aftermath. And then there’s Paratiisi’s most unexpected moment, “Eliitin Psykopatia,” a free punk freakout in the tradition of “Why (Reprise)” and “L.A. Blues.” If Kohti Tuhoa’s brief foray into free jazz tries your patience, though, don’t worry, because after three minutes of building tension, they reward you with what is bound to be the best riff of 2026, a clash of chords potent enough to blow holes through walls the world over. Paratiisi is the sound of one hardcore punk’s most exciting bands at the height of their powers.

With one foot in the Mexican underground rock scene and the other one in the global tape trading circuit, Las Ánimas del Cuarto Obscuro found themselves in the middle of a crossroad after their first LP. México wasn´t the same country as when the band first started. Even though access to non-commercial music still was a difficult task in the late eighties, the fringes of culture had way more resources thanks to the stubbornness of certain anonymous heroes: dwellers of El Tianguis Cultural del Chopo, niche record stores, illegal underground parties and hosts of late night Mexican public radio shows.


Ubiquitous social unrest expressed itself in every way possible. The aftermaths of the 1985 earthquake weren’t the only matters on the table. Protests erupted after a rigged presidential election and a student strike hit Mexico’s biggest public university. This was just the tip of the iceberg of issues PRI’s perfect dictatorship was or wasn’t addressing. The clash of the authoritarian regime against new and fresh ideas.


If the first record was about the loneliness of self-destructive youth and it’s urban phantasmagories, LACO’s second LP dealt with change as the axis of human existence. Las Ánimas is just the beginning of the sonic metamorphosis Toño Sánchez went through until this very moment.
The departure of former bandmembers set a different approach towards more experimental and atmospheric sounds. As the project’s only member, Toño Sanchez took an alchemical trip aiming for more mysterious horizons.


Despite the fact that we can still find conventional dark pop and catchy songwriting, the record rests on sound landscapes closer to Jorge Reyes or Tuxedomoon and This Heat than the orthodox ways of so called post-punk, seasoned of course with the lack of music gear and the economic reality prevalent in Mexico of those convulsed times.


Las Ánimas is a goodbye letter to underground but not because the next move is the mainstream. Far away from it, it’s a farewell to traditional rock and a the first steps down into the depths. From now on, Toño Sánchez will dedicate his musical efforts to weirder sounds and scarcer audiences in the search of the arcane, possessed by a mania of constant change that infects the soul after crossing the black door’s threshold.

Synth driven perpetual punk rock, darkened by atmospheric touches in its production and songwriting, yet uplifted by its intention to distill that darkness into light. Pop music from France on either side of the punk explosion has never shy’d away from electronic elements and on Nuits Blanche’s Helás LP there is plenty to remind us of that legacy. The sounds we are given rub against neither pop or dance, but instead absorbs the impact of quite tough sounding street punk. Four on the floor drums, like Disco’s ghost stamped across the face by the weight of the electric guitar run with songs not out of place if “A Country Fit For Heroes” got shoved inside the sleeve of “Wanna Buy A Bridge” and the two became one. Helás has the heft and the violence of boots treading across concrete en masse but within that is the lightness and the style of a dark smokey room filled with people wearing dark glasses and considering the inevitability of the pointlessness of existence…off the dance floor anyway. (Jonah Falco)

Following their self-proclaimed LP trilogy (2020-2024), Straw Man Army returns with a new songwriting experiment in the form of True North; a collection of 11 songs written for acoustic instruments over three 72 hour sessions at a cabin, isolated in the woods north of NYC. The result is a concept album in practice as opposed to subject alone. Attuned to both the spiritual and political dimensions of seeking refuge in our times, it asks what exactly we mean by “peace” in this era of increasing violence, incarceration, and skepticism towards a future worth living. Does it feel like relaxation, does it tend towards silence? Is it the cooling of our collective rage? Not here. On True North, peace is a spiritual contradiction; a chimera incorporating our innermost desires and the brutality of the world that surrounds us. The album’s central character is a “sleepwalker” trudging through the waking nightmares that have defined daily life since the release of 2024’s Earthworks. Because True North is music that dreams. Sonically, the band toys with the aesthetics of psychedelia, folk, and kosmiche music for contrast, creating a still pool into which their deepest anxieties ripple and flow and flower into ever darker shapes. And while the musical palette plays on tropes of peace—lush piano instrumentals, fingerpicking guitars, gong, vocal harmony—the subject remains steeped in environmental collapse, death, mental breakdown, and the rejection of our most closely held myths. The clash of these forces is the engine that turns the musical wheel. True North is the sound of music mourning a future that never took place and a bout of anticipatory grief for something that’s only just begun…

Conjunto Media Luna presents two new tracks that bring together different geographies, collaborators, and histories of cumbia. “Kumbia dos Pasitos,” in collaboration with Turbo Sonidero, and “No es Moda,” alongside La Terrorista del Sabor, are released jointly on 7” vinyl by Little Beat More and on digital platforms through In-correcto. The cover design is by Bogotá-based artist Mateo Rivano, whose work has defined the visual identity of several influential projects in Colombian alternative music.

In a fusion of science and sound, Kalocain's debut vinyl release, "Genetic Memory," unfolds an eerie tale. "W.N.G." opens a portal to an ancient world, where forgotten tongues unveil cryptic secrets. "Genetic Memory" weaves ethereal connections between ancestral recollections and the present, warping the fabric of time. "Ivermectin" delves into the surreal realms of molecular melodies, as if sonic DNA deciphers sound's enigmas. Remixes from Normal 4, Patricia Kokett, and Jacques Satre reshape the auditory cosmos with a dash of the bizarre.

To amplify the weirdness, Evaldas Bubinas aka Hermandrowning, concocts mind-bending artwork, beckoning listeners into a realm where sound and art meld in uncanny harmony.

But that's not all! The digital copy unveils an additional original track, "Groove Drift," along with a wild array of remixes by Henry Greenleaf, Frankfurt Bass, and Dogpatrol.

"Genetic Memory" isn't just music; it's a transcendent odyssey blending the past, present, and the surreal future, with a digital twist that will leave you questioning the boundaries of sonic exploration.

The soundtrack of Imaginária Records continues through the natural elements of our planet. Split into the three moments of a single cycle, after the journey (The Trip) and then the places (The Place), to arrive at a conclusive return. The label traces the steps of a metaphysical journey that becomes a metaphor for life, the essence of research and the richness of encounters. And it is in this record: Home. The environment contains many sets of rhythms: those dividing day from night, sun from moon, summer from winter. To all things there is a season. There is a time for light and a time for darkness, a time for activity and a time for rest, a time for sound and a time for not-sound. It is here that the natural soundscape provides a clue, for if we could register all the periods of rest and activity among natural sounds, we would observe an infinitely complex series of oscillations as each activity rises and falls from exertion to slumber, from life to death.

La Ruka is a prominent artist from Colombia's Pacific Coast. She blends hip-hop, salsa, Afro-Colombian roots and urban Latin genres in her music even though she is now based in Barcelona. Her live shows are always high on energy and tunes of hers like 'No Quiero Marido' and 'Todo Es Plata' are some of many standouts from the last 20 years. Her lyrics often focus on Afro-descendent women and life in Buenaventura and this new EP is another injection of Latin rhythms direct to your soul. Each one is sun kissed and percussive with irresistible production from the likes of JMoney, Village cuts and Lanzapro.

Grupo Rebolu has been a mainstay in the extensive Colombian community of New York City for well over a decade, bringing the quintessential sounds of their home country to countless live shows and events throughout the five boroughs. Musically steeped in the folkloric traditions of the Afro-Caribbean discourse, the band has consistently combined first class musicianship with the echoes of their upbringing. Throughout their four self-produced albums, they have incorporated some of Colombia's most cherished traditions —gaita,cumbia, andbullerenguebeing just a few of the disciplines that Rebolu has infused with the modern songwriting and compositions of band leader Ronald Polo. As a natural step in the band's continued musical evolution, Rebolu has connected with Names You Can Trust for a one-off recording to deliver two original songs and productions that seamlessly fit the preferred format and the label's catalog, while further incorporating the group's sound into the wider NY musical spectrum. Whether it's champeta gone disco, or bullerengue gone reggae, this handy double-sided single packs a fresh take on the roots and traditions of Rebolu's musical lineage.

Reissue with bonus tracks of the legendary debut album by Madrid's Hardcore Punk legends TDK, born from the ashes of the almighty Espasmódicos. Originally released in 1984, this is a pivotal and pioneering record for enthusiasts of Hardcore Punk made in Spain. An explosive, powerful outburst of pure, unfiltered, nasty Hardcore Punk delivered with fierce energy and precision. Includes two bonus tracks, one from their split 7" with Panadería Bollería Nuestra Señora del Karmen from 1984 and one from "La Movida Madrileña" compilation from the same year and two inserts.

It feels like a lifetime ago that the first Rat Cage demo tape was spat into the Hardcore Punk underground. Maybe that’s because for the past 10 years Bry Suddaby has been relentlessly chucking out a slew of pummelling records, arming many Punks worldwide with a soundtrack to survival in the modern age of death and destruction.
Fourteen bloody releases later, the third RAT CAGE LP comes crashing in as the state of global horror reaches a grave pinnacle. In true RAT CAGE fashion, the drums relentlessly hammer away under rollercoaster riffs, while Bry’s viciously cynical bark spills the trials and tribulations of trying to get by in 2026.
For the uninitiated, RAT CAGE pulls influence from 80’s Northern European Punk like MISSBRUKARNA or APPENDIX, contemporary Swedish sweet spot Hardcore like HERÄTYS or FYFAN, ripping USHC ala POISON IDEA or OUT COLD, while naturally adding a classic British injection of GBH or THE VARUKERS.
As always, there’s the constant apprehension that you never quite know what’s around the next bend, and with ‘Not Asking for Much’ Bry has cast the net even further. There’s moments that get as heavy as BASTARD, as melodic as the UK SUBS, and even a title track that gets as rocking as the PINK FAIRIES. All amounting to a distinctive and characterful sound that’s unmistakably RAT CAGE.
With little to be hopeful about as we all suffocate within the authoritarian nightmare, this LP could once again be your beacon of fire. So, light the match and burn alone at maximum volume.

Till Lindemann’s new single “Es brennt…” is released as limited smoke red 12” Vinyl and contains the original “Es brennt…“ single, a Till Lindemann cover version of Marlene Dietrich‘s “Ich bin von Kopf bis Fuss auf Liebe eingestellt“ as well as two special versions of “Es brennt…” by Alex Terrible and Greg Mackintosh of Paradise Lost.

The music of La lucha es un poema colectivo was conceived and composed during a long artistic residency at IRCAM in Paris in November 2023 and will be released by Superpang. ‘In November 2023, we were in residence in Paris when we found ourselves in the midst of protests and strikes by workers at the Centre Georges Pompidou. They were demanding the respect of their rights. Entering that place as outsiders, making art while hundreds of people outside risked losing their jobs, was disorienting.

This is the starting point for the title of this album, evocative yet at the same time tangible. A phrase, as often happens, borrowed from those who had, in turn, borrowed it before us, words that are not and
cannot be only ours. Words too heavy to be slaves to context or syntax, yet words that resonate within us, move us, and open rifts in our history as a group. A strange plunge, strange despite the fact that the premises were clear from the start, with well-defined lines of a unified design. And if we ask ourselves, looking around, not so much what but rather with whom we would like to share it, we imagine the music of this album within that groove, in that intangible bond that unites a collective of people who, upon reading this sentence written on a wall, in a street, pause for a moment, slow down, rest their gaze, and know they are still alive.”

Repress!

THE M.V.P.'s burst into life on the Northern Soul scene back in 1975 courtesy of Blackpool Mecca DJ Ian Levine and has long since divided opinion. Is it pop, is it soul, are they black, are they white, etc etc. Well, it's a rock record from 1971 and has nothing to do with soul... but everything to do with Northern Soul! It packed the floor at the Highland Room and was adopted as a Wigan Casino anthem and immortalized by Tony Palmer in his 1977 Granada TV documentary This England. It was reissued by UK Buddah, due to popular demand, driven in no small part by the TV show and its 20 million viewers. Now, some 40 years on, we present the iconic track, both stereo and mono mixes, as mastered at the time by Bell Sound's senior engineer Joe Breschie.

SALES POINTS:
All time Northern Soul Classics - Two fabulous sides
Massive appeal to ALL Northern Soul fans
As featured in the film Northern Soul

STINGRAY returns three years after Fortress Britain. Back with a new line up and an ever more savage sound, massive sounding on a 5 track 12” EP.
ENEMY is London on a plate. Stench-tinged hardcore punk born of the ever reaching infinity of Britain’s complex and confusing capital. Nihilistic acid burns in the style of NEUROOT, DEATH SIDE and DOOM, under a few minutes per piece, peppered with prosciutto-dipped VAN HALEN style solos Ala later WRETCHED or SHOTGUN SOLUTION. Vocal visitations by Ciara Savage bring frightening melodic elements into the occasional foray into truly irresistible mosh, not far from the barbed wire trailblazing of GASTUNK, SOD, and SACRILEGE before flying back into fast paced passages of “Scandinavian Jawbreaker” worthy velocity.
Recorded at Fuzzbrain by Jonah Falco. Mixed and mastered by Chris Corry at the Paincave. Draped in a Tin Savage sleeve, and released on the ever eternal home of musical suffering, La Vida Es Un Mus Discos.

At last, Tokyo’s RAW DISTRACTIONS release their debut LP after a couple of demos and four singles on Hardcore Survives and Pogo 77. RAW DISTRACTIONS have been raised onthe catalogue of Beat the System, Clay Records and Riot City. They play lean and hard hitting UK82 punk with some raging guitar work and a gutteral vocalist who spits and snarls but never forgetting the hook. It’s instant, raw and unhinged and would sit perfectly next to Charged GBH, One Way System and The Exploited but with that Japanese magic dust. This is raw punk but hard and melodic rather than overblown.

Reissue of the essential album by Granada's TNT. "Manifiesto Guernika" is an essential piece of Spanish punk & post-punk history, originally released in 1983 by the legendary DRO label. One of the pillars and most important records of Spanish punk, "Manifiesto Guernika" remains a fresh, powerful and intense classic of the genre. An exciting mix of '77 punk, post-punk and "Combat Rock"-era Clash with smart and profound lyrics that elevated them to cult status. Original artwork & insert and extra fold out insert.

Heavily sought after two-tracker, Ricardo Villalobos releasing under his moniker “Richard Wolfsdorf” in his early years, remastered, new cut. P O W E R P L A Y.

"Since their formation in the latter half of 2023, Berlin’s Industry have quickly emerged into the foreground as one of the more exciting groups of the European DIY punk scene. Having released their 2024 debut LP, touring and playing festivals all over the continent, they are now back with a follow up record that’s every bit as bruising and bleak as the first.
Much has been made of how ‘on point’ Industry sound - a mid-paced cocktail of heavy toms and churning riffs recalling ‘No Sanctuary’ era Amebix or classic Killing Joke. But Industry use these sounds as a springboard rather than a template, utilising the form for genuine expression where others are tempted by retro cosplay. Their sound is pared back, pulsing, relentless but danceable. But it’s the words that result in a listen that’s engaging from start to finish, an album that’s both expressive and polemic. Just as people often describe Discharge’s lyrics as Haiku, Industry uses the band’s repetitive grooves as a wide-open canvas on which their exasperated observations are given space to land with precision. The litany of criticisms are familiar to us all - violence exacted on the poor and vulnerable by those in power, the ongoing industrialised slaughter of humans and animals, the disastrous consequences of colonialism, the list goes on… The world in 2025 is fucked, and even though they say they ‘can’t even look’, this band has got their eyes wide open."

If it is nice, collaborate twice. Once again a track from the Building Instrument (Mari Kvien Brunvoll’s Band) gets the Ricardo Villalobos treatment.

It's all about the frequencies.

Planet Beyond – Selected Cuts Volume 1 marks the first release on Ruiger Records, presenting the distinctive world of ES — a Dutch producer, multi-instrumentalist, and visual artist whose work flows effortlessly between live performance and studio creation.

Selected from an ever-growing archive built over the years, the music emerges from a deep vault of unreleased recordings spanning a wide range of moods and ideas. This collection offers a deeper look into a vivid creative universe of sound and feeling — a story that unfolds through rhythm, tone, and emotion. Each track adds a new shade to the journey, like a jigsaw falling into place, revealing new dimensions with every turn.

The music moves through eras and atmospheres — carrying echoes of ’90s electronic music and shaped by the spirit of ’70s jazz & funk. It’s expressive, natural, and percussive, full of motion and detail, where live playing, studio craft, and imagination merge into one seamless flow. The sound drifts from deep, funky electronic grooves to spacious, cinematic, and cosmic landscapes — music that invites you deeper with every listen. It sounds both new and familiar — as if rediscovering something ageless, still unfolding.

Mit „Wenn es Liebe ist“ veröffentlichen Die Sterne ihr neues Studioalbum – ein Werk, das die Band einmal mehr als scharfsinnige Chronisten unserer Zeit zeigt. Zwischen Indiepop, Post-Punk und subtiler Elektronik verbinden sich gesellschaftliche Beobachtungen mit persönlicher Reflexion, Humor mit Haltung. Die Songs klingen frisch, direkt und unerwartet vielseitig – mal politisch, mal romantisch, immer mit dieser unverwechselbaren Sterne-Handschrift.

Neben deutschen Texten finden sich erstmals auch englischsprachige Stücke sowie zwei Songs mit Dyan Valdés am Leadgesang. Das Ergebnis ist kein Rückblick, sondern ein mutiger Schritt nach vorn – kompromisslos, lebendig und voller Energie.

Zur Veröffentlichung geht die Band auf große Tournee durch Deutschland, Österreich und die Schweiz – inklusive eines besonderen Konzerts mit dem Filmorchester Babelsberg im Potsdamer Nikolaisaal.

"es ist nie zu spät für frühstück" ist das erste Album der Hamburger Musikerin jule. Ein Satz, der so beiläufig klingt, dass man fast übersieht, wie viel darin steckt. Zwischen Müdigkeit und Hoffnung, Alltag und Überforderung erzählt jule von dem Moment, in dem man weitermacht, obwohl längst Mittag ist. Von dem Drang, trotzdem aufzustehen, auch wenn nichts so läuft, wie man es geplant hatte. Nach mehreren Singles und der Debüt EP "Im Regio weinen" (Sommer 2024), deren Songs zwischen Unsicherheit und Wut pendeln, öffnet die Mittzwanzigerin jule jetzt ein neues Kapitel: Zum ersten Mal auch mit Band. Was früher allein mit Gitarre begann, ist gewachsen. Der Sound ist größer geworden, bleibt aber nahbar: Ehrlich, manchmal zärtlich, manchmal laut. Die elf Songs bewegen sich zwischen Melancholie und Aufbruch, zwischen Gitarre und Klavier. Sie handeln von Beziehungen die kippen, von Überforderung und dem Versuch, sich selbst auszuhalten. Von der Frage was bleibt, wenn Sicherheit fehlt. Produziert und aufgenommen wurde das Album von Alexander Kallenberg im Poolhaus Tonstudio/Hamburg, gemastert wurde es von Raphael Rasmus (u.a. Captain Planet, Matula, Deutsche Laichen) im Studio Gisela/Mühlheim am Main. Die Band bringt eine neue Tiefe und Energie in die Songs, ohne den Raum zu nehmen, die jules Texte brauchen."es ist nie zu spät für frühstück" erscheint bei Zeitstrafe und markiert für jule mehr als nur ein Langspiel-Debüt: Es ist eine Bestandsaufnahme zwischen Erschöpfung und Anfang. Kein Optimismus-Album, eher eins für die Möglichkeit, um überhaupt wieder aufzustehen.

wieder lieferbar Wer ist Angela Aux, die mit langen blonden Haaren, Bart und sanften Songs am Rande des Nervenzusammenbruchs die Münchner Szene mit einer Eigenwilligkeit bezirzt, der man sich schwer entziehen kann? Süddeutsche Zeitung Das ist die Geschichte eines unwahrscheinlichen Tonträgers mit einem unwahrscheinlichen Cover. Und sie beginnt am Meer. Am Atlantik genauer, der kühl flirrt und von dessen Wellenkämmen es im Gegenlicht neoprenschwarze Silhouetten in die Gischt spült. "Easy Tunas", Etüden im Fallenlassen. Sommer 2020. Kurzer Logout vom Lockdown. Hier am Meer in Südfrankreich blödeln Florian Kreier (Angela Aux, Aloa Input) und Leo Hopfinger (Das Hobos) mit Gitarren in jener verdröhnten Surfcamp-Melancholie aus Salz, Gras und Abendsonne. Eine Woche Künstler-Residency am Ozean. Ein Konzert, viel Freizeit. 28 Songs nehmen die beiden in diesen Tagen auf. 28 Songs, ohne Auftrag in den Sand gejammt. Ein Soundtrack der Sorglosigkeit, der später - völlig unerwartet -zu musikalischer Hyaluronsäure mutiert . Als Straffungsmittel in der Sorgenfaltenzeit. Aber der Reihe nach: "Es gibt Dinge" taufen die zwei diesen, am Ende auf elf Stücke kondensierten Surfcamp-Impressionismus. Die Songs - zart hingetupfte Fantasien über diese südfranzösische Surfer-Parallelwelt. Über die "Wanna be hippies", die "Fishermen", das "Surfer Girl". Aber natürlich ist das kein Surf-Album. Die Wellenreiterhofidylle ist nur Ausgangspunkt für Exkursionen, die explizit das finden wollen, wonach sie nicht suchen.

Conjunto Media Luna presents two new tracks that bring together different geographies, collaborators, and histories of cumbia. “Kumbia dos Pasitos,” in collaboration with Turbo Sonidero, and “No es Moda,” alongside La Terrorista del Sabor, are released jointly on 7” vinyl by Little Beat More and on digital platforms through In-correcto. The cover design is by Bogotá-based artist Mateo Rivano, whose work has defined the visual identity of several influential projects in Colombian alternative music.

Another cassette-only mixtape in Death Is Not The End's series in partnership with Philadelphia's World Gone Mad, this time surveying South American punk and post-punk between '81 & '90 - featuring bands from Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina.

Scintillating 6 minute thrillride delivering booming flying acid guitars, illegibly distorted bass, unrelenting drums, and brutal borderline death metal vocals. Some of the minds who brought you Arms Race and The Flex bring you this music coming from the same filth at the earths core which defined the UK’s great contribution to exceptional ear damage across four decades — touching on Scandinavian speed a la Totalitär and Mob 47, the aching chaos of Disorder, the psychedelic noise bath of ENT, and the clean cut legacy annihilation of NWOBHC. Heavy and relevant political lyrics top this masterstroke of “no metal no melody no problem”

Pyrex’s post-apocalyptic punk slithers out of the melting pot that is New York City, nodding to influences ranging from early thrash to Crass Records post-punk and the city’s own storied hardcore lineage. Rooted in the classic acid-damaged sound of Chrome, Pyrex takes notes from disparate influences like Poison Idea, Needles and Crazy Spirit, delivering a rolling boil of punk nihilism with hints of psychedelia simmering beneath. Their latest, Slugman, is four tracks of irate punk fury packed into a taut eight minutes—all toxic sludge and raw nerve spilling in abundance. It’s nasty, unhinged and volatile but won’t leave your turntable for a long while. Approach with caution.